Free citation generator · CSL
Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) Citation Generator
Generate references in Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) from a DOI or link in seconds. CitApp renders this style with citeproc, the same engine as Zotero and Mendeley, so every comma matches the spec. Free for students, no sign-up to try.
What a Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) reference looks like
Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) is a note style: each citation is a footnote or endnote holding the full reference, with a matching bibliography at the end.
Rendered live from the same engine CitApp uses in the app:
Journal article
Babonis, Leslie S., and Mark Q. Martindale. “A Novel Regulatory Gene Network in Cnidarians.” PNAS 119, no. 19 (2022): e2113701119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113701119.
Book
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. University of Chicago Press, 1970.
Web page
IPCC. “Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis.” August 9, 2021. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/.
In-text citation
Leslie S. Babonis and Mark Q. Martindale, “A Novel Regulatory Gene Network in Cnidarians,” PNAS 119, no. 19 (2022): e2113701119, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113701119.
Journal article with 26 authors
Harris, Charles R., K. Jarrod Millman, Stéfan J. van der Walt, et al. “Array Programming with NumPy.” Nature 585, no. 7825 (2020): 357–62. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2649-2.
Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) at a glance
Read from the style file and checked against the examples above.
- Used mainly in anthropology, communications, geography, history, the humanities, law, linguistics, literature, philosophy, political science, the natural sciences, the social sciences, sociology and theology.
- For a paper with 26 authors, the reference list names the first 3 authors and shortens the rest.
- First names are written out in full.
- DOIs are printed as links (https://doi.org/...).
- Web pages are cited without an access date.
- The reference list is sorted alphabetically by author.
- The reference list uses a hanging indent.
- The style file was last updated in February 2025.
The guide this style follows: chicagomanualofstyle.org
How Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) compares with Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (author-date)
The same journal article in Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (author-date)
Babonis, Leslie S., and Mark Q. Martindale. 2022. “A Novel Regulatory Gene Network in Cnidarians.” PNAS 119 (19): e2113701119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113701119.
Frequently asked questions
How many authors does Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) list?
For a paper with 26 authors, the reference list names the first 3 authors and shortens the rest.
How does Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) handle DOIs and web pages?
DOIs are printed as links (https://doi.org/...). Web pages are cited without an access date.
How is the reference list ordered in Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography)?
The reference list is sorted alphabetically by author. The reference list uses a hanging indent.
Prefer a built-in style?
APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, IEEE, Vancouver and Oxford have dedicated generators too.
Open the citation generatorKeep every source organized
Save sources to projects, drag them into chapters and export a finished reference list. Free to start, no credit card.